Hereditary Eye Conditions in Dogs
There are many types of hereditary eye conditions, which fall into two categories:
- Congenital – Present from birth or developing shortly after.
- Non-congenital – Developing later in life.
These conditions can seriously impact a dog’s health and welfare, potentially causing pain, blindness, or the need for long-term medication.
Why Is Eye Screening Important?
Eye testing allows for:
- Early detection – Helping owners plan for disease progression where needed.
- Informed Decisions – Allowing breeders to reduce the risk of passing on hereditary conditions
How Does Eye Screening Work?
A qualified veterinary ophthalmologist performs an in-person eye exam to assess whether a dog has inherited or non-inherited eye conditions.
Eye Exam Results
After testing, you will receive a Canine Health Scheme Eye Exam Certificate, which lists any conditions found.
The results are listed as:
- Clinically Unaffected – No signs of the condition.
- Clinically Affected – The dog has the condition.
You will also receive a Gonioscopy Grading. This is a separate grading, relating to Primary Glaucoma, a condition caused by poor fluid drainage in the eye, leading to increased pressure. There are two types:
- Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma (PCAG) – Sudden, severe pressure increase.
- Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) – Gradual fluid buildup.
Most eye screening results are valid for only one year, so regular testing is recommended.
Which Breeds Are Most at Risk?
All dogs, including crossbreeds, can develop eye disease. However, some breeds are more commonly affected:
- Border Collie
- Cocker Spaniel
- English Springer Spaniel
- French Bulldog
- Golden Retriever
- Labradoodle
- Labrador Retriever
- Miniature Schnauzer
- Pug
